ABSTRACT
ABSTRACT: The objective of this study was to evaluate the in vitro establishment of 'Xavante' blackberry under different conditions of plant luminosity and concentrations of salts of MS medium. The maintenance of 'Xavante' blackberry plants in the absence of light, with the use of MS medium with salt concentrations of 75% and 100% reduce bacterial contamination and the percentage of explants oxidized and provide the highest percentage of surviving and established explants. The 50% salt dilution in MS medium is not recommended when plants are subjected to the absence of light due to the high percentage of oxidized explants and consequently lower survival and establishment.
RESUMO: O objetivo deste trabalho foi avaliar o estabelecimento in vitro de amoreira preta 'Xavante' sob diferentes condições de luminosidade da planta matriz e concentrações de sais do meio MS. A manutenção de plantas matrizes de amoreira preta 'Xavante' na ausência de luz, com a utilização de meio MS nas concentrações de 75% e 100% dos sais, reduzem a contaminação bacteriana e o percentual de explantes oxidados e proporcionam maior percentual de sobrevivência e explantes estabelecidos. Não se recomenda a diluição do meio MS para 50% dos sais quando as plantas forem submetidas à ausência de luz, devido ao alto percentual de explantes oxidados e, consequentemente, baixa sobrevivência e estabelecimento.
ABSTRACT
Clonorchis sinensis is a biological carcinogen inducing human cholangiocarcinoma, and clonorchiasis is one of the important endemic infectious diseases in East Asia. The present study investigated survival longevity of C. sinensis adult worms in various in vitro conditions to find the best way of keeping the worms longer. The worms were maintained in 0.85% NaCl, 1xPBS, 1xLocke's solution, RPMI-1640, DMEM, and IMDM media, and in 1xLocke's solution with different supplements. All of the worms died within 3 and 7 days in 0.85% NaCl and 1xPBS, respectively, but survived up to 57 days in 1xLocke's solution. The worms lived for 106 days in DMEM, and 114 days in both RPMI-1640 and IMDM media. The survival rate in RPMI-1640 medium was the highest (50%) compared to that in DMEM (20+/-10%) and in IMDM (33.3+/-25.2%) after 3 months. The 1xLocke's solution with 0.005% bovine bile supplement showed increased duration of maximum survival from 42 days to 70 days. Higher concentration of bile supplements than 0.005% or addition of glucose were disadvantageous for the worm survival. The worms died rapidly in solutions containing L-aspartic acid, L-glutamic acid, and adenine compared to L-arginine, L-serine, and L-tryptophan. In conclusion, the 1xLocke's solution best supports the worms alive among inorganic solutions for 57 days, and the RPMI-1640 medium maintains living C. sinensis adults better and longer up to 114 days in vitro than other media.